تبیین ارتباط دوسویۀ ادراک منظر و مشارکت در فرآیند توسعۀ منظر مشارکتی

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگر دکتری معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بوشهر، ایران

2 دکتری معماری منظر، دانشیاردانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

3 دکتری معماری منظر، استاد دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

4 دکتری معماری، استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بوشهر، ایران.

چکیده

بیان مسئله: برقراری ارتباط میان انسان و محیط اطرافش از گذشته‌های دور، به عنوان امری اجتناب‌ناپذیر، در زندگی انسان و تأمین نیازهای مادی و معنوی او نقشی اساسی داشته است. این تعامل در دوره‌های مختلف و در مناظر گوناگون به نمایش گذاشته ‌شده و سبب تقویت فرهنگ مردم هر کشور می‌شود. همچنین، این تعامل محیط و منظر به کمک ادراک و مشارکت نقش مهمی در بهبود ابعاد کیفی منظر دارد و سعی بر آن شده است که ارتقای آن از طریق منظر مشارکتی ممکن شود.
هدف: این پژوهش در پی بررسی ویژگی‌های ادراک از مناظر شهری و مشارکتی و ارائۀ فاکتورهای تطبیقی ادراک منظر و حوزۀ مشارکت است.
روش تحقیق: این پژوهش که در آن، تلفیق روش‌های تحلیل محتوا و مقایسۀ تطبیقی استفاده شده است، ابتدا در پی استدلال در زمینۀ ادراک و مشارکت، سپس به دنبال شیوه‌های به‌کارگیری روش تطبیقی در منظر مشارکتی است. بخش نخست این مقاله به مباحث نظری در زمینۀ ادراک و مشارکت به صورت تحلیل محتوا اختصاص دارد -که با استفاده از راهبردهای کیفی در بستر استدلال منطقی میسر شده است- و سپس با استفاده از روش تحلیلی تطبیقی بررسی اشتراکات فاکتورهای ادراک و مشارکت می‌پردازد.
نتیجه‌گیری: ادراک منظر به عواملی همچون فضایی-بصری، عملکردی و بصری-رفتاری وابسته است و مشارکت به نظریۀ مشارکتی،گسترۀ چندسطحی، الگو و نردبان مشارکتی بستگی دارد. به کمک همین تعاریف در این مقاله مدل مفهومی ارائه شده است که نمایانگر ارتباط دوسویه بین فاکتورهای ادراک منظر و مشارکت است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد برآیند متقابل فاکتورها به‌واسطه اعتماد فردی، تعمیم‌یافته و نهادی در توسعه و شکل‌گیری فرآیند منظر مشارکتی مؤثر است. در انتها الگوی طراحی منظر مشارکتی با بهره‌گیری از نظر متخصصین ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Explaining the Mutual Relationship between Landscape Perception and Participation in the Process of Participatory Landscape Development

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nafiseh Golestani 1
  • Mehdi Khakzand 2
  • Mohsen Faizi 3
  • Bagher Karimi 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Architectural, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr Branch, Iran.
2 Ph.D. in Landscape Architecture, Associate Professor, School of Architecture & Environmental design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D. in Landscape Architecture, Professor, School of Architecture & Environmental design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.
4 Ph.D. in Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr branch, Bushehr, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Problem Statement: Creating communication between human and his/her environment has certainly played a vital role in human life and providing his/her material and spiritual needs from the distant past. This interaction has been exhibited in different eras and different landscapes and has reinforced the culture of the people of each country. Also, this interaction of environment and landscape with the help of perception and participation plays an important role in improving the qualitative dimensions of the landscape and it has been attempted to enhance it through a participatory landscape.
Research objective: The current paper aims to examine the perception characteristics of urban and participatory landscapes and to present adaptive factors of landscape perception and participation field.
Research method: In this study, a combination of content analysis and comparative methods has been used. First, it tries to reason about perception and participation, and then to seek ways of applying a comparative approach in a participatory landscape. The first section of this article focuses on theoretical discussions on perception and participation in content analysis, which have been made possible using qualitative strategies in the context of rational reasoning, then explores the perceptions and participation factors similarities via comparative analysis.
 Conclusion: Landscape perception is depended on spatia-visual, Functional, behavioral-visual and participation on participatory theory, multi level rangeand Participatory template and method AND Participatory ladder. By using these definitions, Conceptual model is presented in this article which shows the two-way relationship between landscape perception and participation. Results show that Reciprocal outcome by personal,generalized and institutional trust is effective in development and formation process of participatory landscape. At the end design participatory landscape pattern Provided with the opinion of experts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Participation
  • Landscape Perception
  • Participatory Landscape
  • Urban Landscape Quality
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