طراحی نمای ساختمان با رویکرد بهینه‌سازی مصرف انرژی با بهره‌گیری از ریزساختارهای زنده (مطالعه موردی: ساختمان تجاری در شهر قم)

دوره 23، شماره 160
مهر 1405
صفحه 5-18

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه معماری و انرژی، پژوهشکدۀ انرژی، دانشگاه کاشان، ایران

2 گروه تکنولوژی معماری، دانشکدۀ معماری و هنر، دانشگاه کاشان، ایران

3 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، ایران

چکیده
بیان مسئله: در دهه‌های اخیر، بحران‌های زیست‌محیطی ناشی از افزایش گازهای گلخانه‌ای، توجه معماران و برنامه‌ریزان شهری را به طراحی پایدار و بهینه‌سازی مصرف انرژی جلب کرده است. در این راستا، یکی از نوآوری‌های مطرح، استفاده از ریزساختارهای زنده مانند فتوبیوراکتورهای میکروجلبک در طراحی نمای ساختمان‌هاست.
هدف پژوهش: هدف این پژوهش، تعیین میزان تغییر شدت مصرف انرژی سالانه (kWh/m²) یک ساختمان تجاری در اقلیم گرم و خشک شهر قم با به‌کارگیری نمای فتوبیوراکتور و مقایسۀ آن با نمای شیشه‌ای مرجع است.
روش پژوهش: این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی و مبتنی‌بر شبیه‌سازی انرژی است. ابتدا با مرور مبانی نظری، فناوری‌های مرتبط با فتوبیوراکتورهای زیستی و مطالعات موردی بین‌المللی بررسی شد. سپس یک ساختمان تجاری نمونه مدل‌سازی شد و مصرف انرژی سالانه آن در چهار نمای مختلف شامل شیشه‌ای ساده، شیشه‌ای دوجداره، فتوبیوراکتور تک‌پوسته و فتوبیوراکتور دوپوسته با استفاده از نرم‌افزار دیزاین بیلدر و داده‌های اقلیمی شهر قم به‌صورت سالانه شبیه‌سازی شد. همچنین تحلیل حساسیت نسبت به شفافیت سوسپانسیون میکروجلبک، نرخ تهویۀ فضای بین دوپوسته و ضریب انتقال حرارت شیشه انجام شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج شبیه‌سازی نشان داد با تغییر نمای ساختمان و استفاده از پنل‌های فتوبیوراکتور، با استفاده از نمای دوپوسته فتو‌بیوراکتور میانگین مصرف انرژی سالانه از 58/272 به 88/175 (برحسب kWh/m2) کاهش یافت. همچنین میزان نوسان حرارتی در جهات مختلف ساختمان کاهش یافت. نتایج تحلیل حساسیت نشان داد عملکرد انرژی نمای دوپوسته بیش از هر چیز به شفافیت سوسپانسیون میکروجلبک و نرخ تهویۀ فضای بین دوپوسته بستگی دارد، درحالی‌که تغییر ضریب انتقال حرارت پنجره تأثیر چندانی بر مصرف انرژی نشان نداد. نتایج این پژوهش محدود به اقلیم شهر قم و فرض‌های مدلسازی در نرم‌افزار دیزاین بیلدر است و تعمیم آن به سایر اقلیم‌ها نیازمند بررسی مجدد خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Energy Performance Optimization of Photobioreactor Façades in Commercial Buildings in Hot-Arid Climates (Case Study: Commercial Building in Qom, Iran)

نویسندگان English

Fateme Akhoundi 1
Hmid Reza Farshchi 2
Roohallah Mirzaei 3
1 Department Architecture and Energy, Energy Research Institute, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
2 Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Architecture and Art, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
3 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
چکیده English

Problem statement: Over recent decades, environmental crises driven by escalating greenhouse gas emissions have increasingly steered the attention of architects and urban planners toward sustainable design and energy-efficient strategies. Among the emerging innovations in this domain is the integration of microalgae-based photobioreactors into building façades.
Research objective: This study aims to evaluate the change in annual energy consumption intensity (kWh/m²) of a commercial building located in the hot-arid climate of Qom by applying a photobioreactor façade system and comparing its performance with that of a reference glass façade.
Research method: The study adopts a descriptive–analytical approach supported by energy simulation. After reviewing theoretical foundations, relevant photobioreactor technologies, and international case studies, a representative commercial building was modeled. Its annual energy consumption under four façade configurations—single glazing, double glazing, single-skin photobioreactor, and double-skin photobioreactor—was simulated using DesignBuilder software and Qom’s climatic data. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted on microalgae suspension transparency, the ventilation rate within the cavity of the double-skin system, and window thermal transmittance.
Conclusion: The simulation results demonstrate that replacing conventional glazing with photobioreactor panels—particularly the double-skin configuration—significantly reduces annual energy consumption, decreasing from 272. 58 to 175. 88 kWh/m². The double-skin system also moderated thermal variations across different orientations. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the energy performance of the double-skin photobioreactor façade is predominantly influenced by microalgae suspension transparency and cavity ventilation rate, whereas variations in the window U value had minimal effect on overall energy consumption. The findings are specific to the climatic conditions of Qom and the modeling assumptions applied in DesignBuilder; therefore, further research is needed to evaluate applicability in other climatic contexts.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Bioclimatic Design, Photobioreactor Faç
  • ade, Hot-arid Climate, Commercial Building, Thermal Comfort.
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