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تبیین فرایند شکل‌گیری تجربۀ سکونت در مسکن‌های پیش‌ساختۀ پس از بحران با تأکید بر مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی-فرهنگی (مطالعه موردی: مناطق زلزله‌خیز ترکیه)

https://doi.org/10.22034/bagh.2026.571940.5978
دوره 23، شماره 159
شهریور 1405
صفحه 85-102
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نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مهسا حقی 1
مریم کریمی 2
حسین ذوالفقار 1

1 گروه معماری، دانشکدۀ مهندسی و علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه استانبول صباح‌الدین زعیم، استانبول، ترکیه

2 گروه معماری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران

چکیده
بیان مسئله: افزایش زمین‌لرزه‌های گسترده در ترکیه، ضرورت اسکان موقت آسیب‌دیدگان را بیش از پیش آشکار ساخته است. با وجود کاربرد گستردۀ مسکن‌های پیش‌ساختۀ پس از بحران، تجربۀ سکونت در این فضاها صرفاً به ابعاد کالبدی محدود نمی‌شود و عوامل اجتماعی-فرهنگی نیز در کیفیت زندگی و رضایت سکونتی ساکنان نقشی مهم ایفا می‌کنند؛ ابعادی که در بسیاری از پژوهش‌های پیشین کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌اند.
هدف پژوهش: هدف این پژوهش، بررسی مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی-فرهنگی مؤثر بر تجربۀ سکونت در مسکن‌های پیش‌ساختۀ پس از بحران و تبیین نقش این مؤلفه‌ها در رضایت سکونتی و کیفیت زندگی ساکنان است.
روش پژوهش: این پژوهش با رویکرد کیفی و مبتنی بر نظریۀ زمینه‌ای انجام شده است؛ زیرا هدف آن، فهم و تبیین تجربۀ زیسته و روایت‌های ساکنان از سکونت در مسکن‌های پیش‌ساختۀ پس از بحران و شناسایی فرایند شکل‌گیری ابعاد اجتماعی-فرهنگی سکونت بوده است. داده‌های پژوهش ازطریق مطالعات اسنادی، یادداشت‌برداری تحلیلی و مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته برخط با ۳۰ نفر از ساکنان واحدهای پیش‌ساخته در شهرهای قهرمان‌مرعش، هاتای، آدیامان و مالاتیا گردآوری شد. نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت هدفمند انجام شد و داده‌ها با استفاده از کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی تحلیل شدند.
نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که تجربۀ سکونت در مسکن‌های پیش‌ساختۀ پس از بحران، تحت‌تأثیر عواملی همچون روابط همسایگی، سرمایۀ اجتماعی، احساس تعلق مکانی، سازگاری فرهنگی و کیفیت فضاهای مشترک قرار دارد. همچنین، ساکنان ازطریق کنش‌های تطبیقی و بازتعریف روابط اجتماعی، بخشی از پیامدهای ناشی از بحران را جبران می‌کنند. تفاوت زمینه‌های اجتماعی-فرهنگی شهرهای مورد مطالعه نیز نقشی مؤثر در شکل‌گیری تجربۀ سکونت و کیفیت زندگی ساکنان داشته است. در مجموع، مسکن‌های پیش‌ساخته فراتر از یک سرپناه موقت، بستری برای بازسازی یا تضعیف هویت مکانی و روابط اجتماعی محسوب می‌شوند؛ ازاین‌رو، توجه به ابعاد اجتماعی-فرهنگی در طراحی و برنامه‌ریزی اسکان پس از بحران ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی- فرهنگی
تجربۀ سکونت
مسکن پیش‌ساخته
هویت مکانی
مناطق زلزله‌خیز ترکیه.
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Explaining the Formation of Dwelling Experience in Post-Disaster Prefabricated Housing with Emphasis on Socio-Cultural Components (Case Study: Earthquake-Prone Regions of Turkey)

نویسندگان English

Mahsa Hakkı 1
Maryam Karimi 2
Hüseyin Zülfikar 1
1 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Türkiye
2 Department of Architecture, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده English

Problem statement: Recurrent large-scale earthquakes across Turkey have made the temporary resettlement of disaster-affected populations an increasingly urgent challenge. Despite widespread reliance on prefabricated housing in post-disaster contexts, the dwelling experience within these environments extends well beyond physical dimensions. Socio-cultural factors play a considerable role in shaping residents’ quality of life and residential satisfaction -dimensions that prior research has largely left underexplored.
Research objective: This study examines the socio-cultural components that shape the dwelling experience in post-disaster prefabricated housing, and clarifies how these components influence residential satisfaction and quality of life among occupants.
Research method: A qualitative approach founded on grounded theory was adopted, given the study’s aim to understand and interpret residents’ lived experiences and narratives of inhabiting post-disaster prefabricated units, as well as to identify the formative processes underlying the socio-cultural dimensions of dwelling. Data were gathered through documentary review, analytical field notes, and semi-structured online interviews conducted with 30 residents of prefabricated units across Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Adıyaman, and Malatya. Purposive sampling guided participant selection, and data were analyzed through open, axial, and selective coding procedures.
Conclusion: Findings reveal that dwelling experience in post-disaster prefabricated housing is shaped by a constellation of factors -among them neighborly relations, social capital, sense of place attachment, cultural adaptability, and the quality of shared communal spaces. Residents were found to partially offset disaster-induced disruptions through adaptive behaviors and the renegotiation of social ties. Variations in the socio-cultural backgrounds of the studied cities also proved influential in determining both the character of dwelling experience and overall quality of life. Taken together, prefabricated housing functions not merely as a temporary shelter, but as a setting in which place identity and social relations are either reconstructed or eroded. Accordingly, socio-cultural considerations must be central to the design and planning of post-disaster settlement programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Socio-cultural components
  • Dwelling experience
  • Prefabricated housing
  • Place identity
  • Earthquake-prone regions of Turkey.
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