تحلیل رابطۀ همبستگی میان ساختار کالبدی-فضایی و الگوهای رفتاری ساکنان در سکونتگاه‌های غیررسمی (نمونه مطالعاتی منطقۀ ۱۹ کلانشهر تهران)

دوره 23، شماره 158
مرداد 1405
صفحه 27-40

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی قزوین، قزوین، ایران

چکیده
بیان مسئله: سکونتگاه‌های غیررسمی به‌عنوان پدیده‌ای رو به رشد در کلانشهرها، با چالش‌های کالبدی، اجتماعی و رفتاری متعددی مواجه هستند. یکی از جنبه‌های کمتر بررسی‌شده، تأثیر ساختار فیزیکی این سکونتگاه‌ها بر الگوهای رفتاری ساکنان است. این پژوهش به این مسئله می‌پردازد که ویژگی‌های کالبدی-فضایی چه نقشی در شکل‌گیری رفتار روزمرۀ ساکنان می‌تواند داشته باشد.
هدف پژوهش: هدف اصلی این تحقیق، تحلیل رابطۀ بین ساختار کالبدی-فضایی و الگوهای رفتاری ساکنان در محلۀ مرتضی‌گرد به‌عنوان نمونه‌ای از یک سکونتگاه غیررسمی در منطقۀ ۱۹ تهران است. همچنین شناسایی انواع فضاهای رفتاری شکل‌گرفته در پاسخ به این ساختار، از اهداف فرعی پژوهش محسوب می‌شود.
روش پژوهش: این مطالعه به روش ترکیبی (کمی و کیفی) و با رویکرد کاربردی انجام شده است. داده‌ها با استفاده از تکنیک‌های مختلفی شامل مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، مشاهدات میدانی، توزیع ۳۷۸ پرسشنامۀ ساکنان، و همچنین تحلیل فضایی ساختار کالبدی محدوده (با روش چیدمان فضایی) و اولویت‌بندی محدوده‌ها براساس معیارهای پژوهش (با تکنیک تاپسیس) گردآوری و تحلیل شده‌اند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که ساختار کالبدی-فضایی نقش بسیار مهمی در شکل‌دهی به رفتار ساکنان دارد. مناطقی با دسترسی بهتر، کاربری‌های مناسب و فضای باز بیشتر، شاهد رفتارهای اجتماعی غنی‌تر و احساس تعلق بالاتر بودند. در مقابل، مناطقی که در مجاورت کاربری‌های صنعتی قرار داشتند یا دسترسی ضعیفی داشتند، باعث کاهش تعاملات اجتماعی و احساس ناامنی شده بودند. به‌طور کلی، این پژوهش نتیجه می‌گیرد که هرگونه برنامه‌ریزی برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی در این سکونتگاه‌ها، باید با بهبود ساختار کالبدی-فضایی و توجه به رابطۀ آن با رفتار ساکنان آغاز شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of the Correlation Between Physical-Spatial Structure and Behavioral Patterns of Residents in Informal Settlements (A Case Study of the Morteza Gerd Neighborhood, District 19, Tehran)

نویسندگان English

Reza Fattahi
Mohamadreza Khatibi
Vahid Bigdeli Rad
Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University of Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده English

Problem statement: Informal settlements, as a growing phenomenon in metropolitan areas, face numerous physical, social, and behavioral challenges. One of the less studied aspects is the role of the physical structure of these settlements in shaping the behavioral patterns of residents. This study examines the role that physical-spatial characteristics play in shaping the daily behavior of residents.
Research objective: The main objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between the physical-spatial structure and behavioral patterns of residents in the Morteza Gerd neighborhood as an example of an informal settlement in District 19 of Tehran. A secondary objective is to identify the types of behavioral spaces formed in response to this structure.
Research method: This study was conducted using a mixed-method (quantitative and qualitative) approach with an applied focus. Data were collected and analyzed using various techniques, including library studies, field observations, the distribution of 378 questionnaires among residents, spatial analysis of the area’s physical structure (using the Space Syntax method), and prioritization of the studied zones based on research criteria (using the TOPSIS technique).
Conclusion: The results show that the physical-spatial structure plays a crucial role in shaping residents’ behavior. Zones with better access, appropriate land uses, and more open space fostered richer social behaviors and a higher sense of belonging. In contrast, zones adjacent to industrial uses or with poor access were linked to decreased social interactions and a sense of insecurity. Overall, this study concludes that any planning initiative to improve the quality of life in these settlements must start with improving the physical-spatial structure and carefully considering its relationship with resident behavior.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Physical-spatial structure
  • Informal settlement
  • Behavioral pattern
  • District 19 of Tehran.
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