اولویت‌‌بندی شاخص‌‌های تاب‌‌آوری اجتماعی جهت ساماندهی سکونتگاه‌‌های غیر‌‌رسمی ازطریق اقدامات مبتنی بر ارتقای منظر شهری(مطالعه موردی: محلۀ اسلام‌‌آباد منطقۀ دو تهران)

دوره 22، شماره 153
اسفند 1404
صفحه 83-96

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه معماری منظر، دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران

2 گروه معماری منظر، دانشکدۀ معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده
بیان مسئله: با افزایش روزافزون جمعیت و تمایل به شهرنشینی، میزان جمعیت سکونتگاه‌‌های غیررسمی رو به افزایش گذارده است. این نوع سکونتگاه‌‌ها به‌دلیل سیما و منظر شهری نا‌‌مناسب، دچار انزوا و به‌دنبال آن درگیر معضلات اجتماعی شده‌‌اند. یکی از راهکارهای تغییر وضعیت فعلی سکونتگاه‌‌های غیررسمی، افزایش تاب‌‌آوری اجتماعی آنها است.
هدف پژوهش: این پژوهش در پی تدوین راهکارهای ساماندهی این نوع محلات از خاستگاه افزایش تاب‌‌آوری اجتماعی ازطریق انجام اقدامات کالبدی و اجتماعی در جهت بهبود و ارتقای منظر شهری در این گونه از بافت‌‌های شهری است. 
روش پژوهش: رویکرد این پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده است. به‌طوری که در مرحلۀ نخست و در بخش مبانی نظری ازطریق «مطالعات کتابخانه‌‌ای» اطلاعات موردنیاز جمع آوری شد و در مرحلۀ دوم برای شناسایی شاخص‌‌های تاب‌‌آوری اجتماعی در محله ازطریق «مشاهدات میدانی» با ابزارهای مصاحبه، مشاهده و عکس‌‌برداری اقدام شده است.
نتیجه‌گیری: در چارچوب نظری نهایی، در بعد «اجتماعی»؛ شاخص‌‌های تعامل، همبستگی و مشارکت، در بعد «هویتی- فرهنگی»؛ شاخص‌‌های دلبستگی، هویت اجتماعی و کالبدی، در بعد « کالبدی»؛ شاخص‌های دسترسی، ایمنی و امنیت، انعطاف‌‌پذیری و تنوع و در بعد «حمایتی»؛ شاخص‌‌های کارایی جامعۀ محلی، حمایت و عدالت در محلۀ اسلام‌‌آباد به‌عنوان شاخص‌‌های تاب‌‌آوری اجتماعی شناسایی شد. پس از احصای پتانسیل‌‌های موجود در محله و ارتباط آن‌‌ها با شاخص‌‌های به‌دست‌آمده، یک سری اقدامات کالبدی و اجتماعی اولویت‌‌بندی‌شده ازطریق نرم‌افزار ArcGIS روی نقشه جانمایی شد. در نهایت با بررسی اقدامات قابل انجام در جهت بهبود و ارتقای سیما و منظر شهری محله، این نتیجه حاصل شد که شاخص تعاملات در موضوع تاب‌آوری اجتماعی سکونتگاه اسلام‌‌آباد در اولویت قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Prioritizing Social Resilience Indicators for Organizing Informal Settlements through Measures based on Improving the Urban Landscape(Case Study: Islamabad Neighborhood, District 2, Tehran)

نویسندگان English

Mehdi Fatemi 1
Roghayeh Aghajani khonakdar 2
1 Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Imam Khomeini International University (RA), Qazvin, Iran
2 Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Problem statement: With increasing population and urbanization, the number of informal settlements has been rising. These settlements, due to their unfavorable urban appearance, have become isolated and, as a result, have faced social problems. One way to improve the current situation in informal settlements is to increase their social resilience.
Research objective: This research aims to develop strategies for organizing these neighborhoods to enhance social resilience through spatial and social interventions that improve the urban landscape.
Research method: This research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach. In the first stage, in the theoretical framework section, necessary information was collected through “library studies.” In the second stage, to identify the indicators of social resilience in the neighborhood, “field observations” were conducted using tools such as interviews, observation, and photography.
Conclusion: In the final theoretical framework, in the “social” dimension, the indicators identified were interaction, cohesion, and participation; in the “identity-cultural” dimension, the indicators were attachment, social and spatial identity; in the “spatial” dimension, the indicators were accessibility, safety and security, flexibility, and diversity; and in the “supportive” dimension, the indicators were the efficiency of the local community, support, and justice. These indicators were identified as social resilience indicators in the Eslamabad neighborhood. After determining the neighborhood’s existing potential and correlating it with the obtained indicators, a series of spatial and social interventions was prioritized and mapped in ArcGIS. Finally, by evaluating possible interventions to improve the neighborhood’s urban appearance, it was concluded that the indicator of interactions is a priority for social resilience in the Eslamabad settlement.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Social resilience
  • Informal settlement
  • Islamabad neighborhood
  • Urban landscape.
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