سکوت پدیدارشناختی به‌مثابۀ میدان پدیداری سکونت در پدیدارشناسی معماری

دوره 22، شماره 153
اسفند 1404
صفحه 53-68

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه معماری، دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده
بیان مسئله: در جهان پرسرعت و آشفتۀ‌ امروز، تجربۀ‌ سکونت اصیل دشوار شده است. پدیدارشناسی می‌کوشد با نگاهی تازه به سکونت، آن را همچون شیوه‌ای از بودن در جهان بازفهم کند و در برابر این گسست بایستد. در این میان، «سکوت پدیدارشناختی» با آن‌که در اندیشۀ‌ بسیاری از پدیدارشناسان حضوری ضمنی دارد، کمتر به‌صورت مستقیم در پیوند با سکونت بررسی شده و این در حالی است که این مفهوم می‌تواند به‌مثابۀ میدانی پدیداری برای نزدیک‌شدن به تجربۀ سکونت در معماری معاصر عمل کند.
هدف پژوهش: هدف این پژوهش، تبیین و ارائۀ راهکارهای معمارانه برای تحقق سکونت پدیدارشناختی در معماری است؛ راهکاری که با اتکا به آرای اندیشمندان پدیدارشناس و از خلال مفهوم «سکوت پدیدارشناختی»، می‌کوشد راهی برای نزدیک‌شدن به تجربۀ‌ اصیل سکونت در فضاهای معماری بگشاید.
روش پژوهش: رویکرد روش پژوهش بر مبنای استدلال منطقی و تحلیل نظری است. در این راستا، با مطالعۀ متون مختلف حوزۀ‌ پدیدارشناسی معماری، گزاره‌های کلیدی، استخراج شده و ازطریق قیاس مفهومی و تحلیل تطبیقی، در وهلۀ اول رابطۀ‌ میان سکوت و سکونت، شناسایی شده و در گام بعد راهکارهای معمارانۀ تقرب به سکونت از دریچۀ سکوت عرضه شده است.
نتیجه‌گیری: این پژوهش با تکیه بر آرای اندیشمندان پدیدارشناس و در راستای دستیابی به تجربۀ اصیل سکونت، سکوت پدیدارشناختی را به‌مثابۀ میدان پدیداری هستی (بافت حاضر تجربه، کلیتی زنده و اکنونی که پدیده در دل آن آشکار می‌شود) معرفی می‌کند؛ وضعیتی که می‌تواند شرایط پدیداری سکونت را فراهم سازد. در این راستا، پژوهش مجموعه‌ای از راه‌کارهای معمارانه را برای امکان‌بخشی به ایجاد چنین میدانی پیشنهاد می‌کند و آن‌ها را در شش دستۀ کلی سامان می‌دهد: 1. درآستانگی و فضاهای مرزی، 2. اپوخه و تقلیل فضایی، 3. بدویت فضایی، 4. بداهت و وانهادگی فضایی، 5. محصوریت و پناه‌مندی و 6. زمان‌مندی فضایی.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Phenomenological Silence as the Phenomenal Field of Dwelling in Architectural Phenomenology

نویسندگان English

Monib Talebi
Atefeh Karbasi
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Problem statement: In today’s fast-paced and fragmented world, the possibility of authentic dwelling has become elusive. Phenomenology, by rethinking dwelling from within lived experience, seeks to recover it as a fundamental mode of Being-in-the-world. Within this horizon, phenomenological silence, although implicitly present in the thought of many phenomenologists, has rarely been addressed explicitly in connection to dwelling. Yet this notion may be understood as a phenomenal field of disclosure, through which dwelling may come into presence within architecture.
Research objective: This study aims to clarify and propose architectural strategies for approaching dwelling in architecture. Drawing on the ideas of key phenomenological thinkers and the notion of “phenomenological silence,” it seeks to open a path toward the authentic experience of dwelling within architectural spaces.
Research method: The research employed a logical-analytical and theoretical approach. In this framework, key propositions were extracted through a comprehensive study of texts in the field of architectural phenomenology. Using conceptual analogy and comparative analysis, the study first identifies the connection between silence and dwelling, and subsequently proposes architectural strategies for approaching dwelling through the phenomenological silence.
Conclusion: Drawing on the ideas of phenomenological thinkers to explore the authentic experience of dwelling, the present study introduces phenomenological silence as a phenomenal field, a living context in which phenomena unfold. This field can establish the experiential situation for dwelling. In this regard, the study proposes a set of architectural strategies to facilitate the formation of such a field, organized into six main categories: 1) liminality and threshold spaces, 2) spatial epoche and reduction, 3) spatial primitiveness, 4) spatial releasement and immediacy, 5) enclosure and sheltering, and 6) spatial temporality.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Dwelling
  • Silence
  • Phenomenology
  • Phenomenal Field
  • Architecture.
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