The Effect of Discipline-Based Art Education Package on Aesthetic Perception Growth of 7-9 Year Old Children

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Master of Art Research, Faculty of Research Excellence in Art and Enterpreneurship, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Visual Communication, Faculty of Visual Arts, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Abstract
Problem statement: using art education programs –compiled with defined goals and appropriate approaches would make a positive influence on children. On one hand, it could help them to receive continually the beauties and wonders of the universe to which the art is a suitable implement for this perception growth and promotion. On the other hand, discipline-based art education can be effective in designing educational programs with this goal, focusing on artworks; hence, the research question is what effect does the educational package designed with a discipline-based approach have on children’s perception of aesthetics?
Research objective: to evaluate the effect of an educational package compiled based on the discipline-based approach on the aesthetic perception of children from 7 to 9 in Isfahan city.
Research method: In terms of purpose, it is practical and in terms of method it is mixed. At first, the educational program was designed with a qualitative method of exploratory type with a discipline-based approach, and then to evaluate the effect of this program with a quantitative method of semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design, using Pearson’s Aesthetic Test (which was designed based on Parsons’ Aesthetic Evolution), was conducted on 10 children aged 7 to 9 years. Children were randomly selected and participated in the research. The intervention program was conducted for 12 training sessions, each session lasting 90 minutes. The obtained data were analyzed by paired t-test mean statistical method.
Conclusion: The statistical findings show that there is a significant difference between the children’s performance in the pre-test and post-test stages (p<0.01) and it can be concluded that the present educational program affects growing children’s aesthetic perception.

Keywords


Ahmadian, M. (2007). Parsons’ analysis of the transformation process of aesthetic experience. Research Journal of Farhangestan Honar, (4), 30-47.
Aminkhandaghi, M. & Pakmehr, H. (2013). the rule of the central discipline tradition on the orientations of the artistic education curriculum of middle school art teachers: challenges and harms. Two quarterly scientific research journals of modern educational approaches of the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Isfahan University. Spring and Summer, 8 (17), 21-46.
Brenifier, O. (2010). Art and beauty mean what (A. Nirahamdi Rami, Trans.). Tehran: Shahr Tash publication. [in Persian]
Cannon, A. (2005). Children’s Aesthetic Understanding: Developing Interpretations of Photography, Park Forest Elementary School Annex, and Intern Kindergarten.
Collinson, D. (2006). Aesthetic experience (F. Farnoudfar, Trans.). Tehran:  Farhangestan-e Honar Publication,
Daei, S. (1991). How to help children’s sense of aesthetics. Razi Psychiatric Center’s Psychology Journal, (15), 78-88.
Dalvandi, H. (2010). Art education in elementary school. Tehran: Samt.
Eisner, E. (2004). The Lessons the Arts Teach, Paper presented at Learning in the Arts: Crossing Boundaries Conference, January 12–14, in Los Angeles, California.
Farrell, E. (1979). Stages in Aesthetic Development: Measuring Aesthetic Response. Visual Arts Education, 9 (1), 21-28.
Fletcher, A. (2009). the ninth bridge was packed (M. Chehregan, Trans). Tehran: Nazar publication. [in Persian]
Gardner, H.  (1972). the Development of Sensitivity to Figural and Stylistic Aspects of Paintings. British Journal of Psychology, 63 (4), 605-615.
Gardner, H.  (1983). the arts and human development.  New York: Wiley.
Gardner, H.  (1990). Art Education & Human Development, Los Angeles: Getty Center for Education in the Arts.
Housen, A. (2001). Aesthetic thought, Critical Thinking and Transfer. Arts and learning Research Journal, 18 (1), 99-132.
Kian, M. (2012). Application of the new approach of “discipline-based art education” in teaching art to fifth grade female students. Kurdistan University Teaching and Research Quarterly, 1 (1), 109-95.
Lark-Horovitz, B., Present Lewise, H. & Luca, M. (2018). Understanding children’s art for better education. (F. Sahib Qalam & M. Arab, Trans.). Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]
Leder, H., Belke, B., Oeberst, A. & Augustin, D. (2004). A model of aesthetic appreciation and aesthetic judgments. British Journal of Psychology, (95), 489-508.
Lopes, D.  & Gaut, B. (2014). Encyclopedia of aesthetics. (M. Sanei Darehbidi, Sh. Ahmadzadeh, M. Ghasemiyan,  A. Nojomian, B. Mohaqeq & F. Sasani, Trans). Tehran: Farhangestan Honar Publications.
Mehrmohammadi, M. & Kian, M. (2013). Curriculum and art education in education. Tehran: SAMT.
Mehrmohammadi, M. (2018). General Art Education: What, Why, How. Tehran: Madreseh Publication.
Micklethwait, L. (2008a). Alphabet in art (Look). (F. Kavandi, Trans). Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]
Micklethwait, L. (2008b). Animals in art (Look). (F. Kavandi, Trans). Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]
Micklethwait, L. (2008c). Colors in art (look). (F. Kavandi, Trans). Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]
Micklethwait, L. (2008d). Figures in art (Look). (F. Kavandi, Trans). Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]
Micklethwait, L. (2008e). Numbers in art (Look). (F. Kavandi, Trans). Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]
Micklethwait, L. (2008f). The first children’s art book (Look). (F. Kavandi, Trans).  Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]
Milbrath, C. (1998).  Patterns of artistic development in children. Cambridge:  Cambridge University Press. [in Persian]
Moridi, M. (2013). Public art education in Iran. Tehran: Publication of Culture, Art and Communication Research Institute.
Newton, E. (1967).The meaning of Beauty. USA: Pelican Books.
Parsons, M. J. (1987a). How we understand art: A cognitive developmental account of aesthetic experience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Parsons, M. J. (1987b). Talk about a painting: A cognitive developmental analysis. Journal of Aesthetic Education, 21 (1), 37-55.
Pearson. D. (1994). Aesthetic philosophy in the class: an experimental study to determine the effects of philosophical inquiry upon student levels of aesthetic thinking. (Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis). Dissertation: Boston University.
Rashid, Kh., Mehrmohammadi, M., Delavar, A. & Qatarifi, M. (2008). Investigating the stages of aesthetic evolution in Tehran students. Journal of Educational Innovations, 7 (27), 97-123.
Read, H. E. (1984). The meaning of Art. London: Faber & Faber pub.
Renshaw, A. (2009). Please touch the art (F. Kavandi, Trans.). Tehran: Nazar publication. [in Persian]
Rezaei, M. (2010). Aesthetic and artistic education (with emphasis on Brody’s views). Tehran: Monadi Tarbiat.
Saradar, H., Alborzi, M., Karimi, M. H., Khoshbakht, F. & Ghorori, F. (2022). The effect of teaching “Art by philosophy for children” on the aesthetic thinking and drawing score of primary school students. Curriculum Research, 11 (2), 1-16.
Shepard, A. (1998). Basics of art philosophy (A. Ramin, Trans). Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company. [in Persian]
Speirs, P. & Gaudelius, I. (2012). Contemporary approaches in art education. (F. Sahib Qalam, Trans.). Tehran: Nazar. [in Persian]
Wolfe, G. (2007). Body language in art (Look). (F. Kavandi, Trans). Tehran: Nazar Publication.
Wolfe, G. (2008a). Light in art (Look). (T. Maleki, Trans.). Tehran: Nazar Publication.
Wolfe, G. (2008b). Scrutiny in art (Look). (H. Taqavi, Trans.). Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]
Wolfe, G. (2009). Line drawing in art (Look). (F. Kavandi, Trans.). Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]
Wolfe, G. (2010). Cleverness in art (Look). (F. Kavandi, Trans.). Tehran: Nazar Publication. [in Persian]