Investigating the geometrical proportions in the height elements and components of Qajar era mosque-schools in Tehran

Problem statement: Geometry and as a result proportions are important features of the magnificent works that Iranian artists and engineers have left behind throughout the architectural history of this land. Proportions in architecture make a proper relationship between the components that form an architectural work and create a sense of order and organization among the parts of a visual composition in the audience. In addition to order, Proportions can also create a sense of beauty.
The purpose of the research: An attempt has been made to analyze the height components of each mosque according to the rules of proportion and compare them to each other and extract a height pattern or a pattern of communication between the height components of each of the 9 mosques, so that a height design hierarchy can be established in each of them.
Research method: This research is an attempt to search for traces of proportions in Qajar period mosques in Tehran as one of the most prominent elements in Islamic architecture of Iran, which has explored the height proportions of these mosques with descriptive, analytical and library and field studies.
Conclusion: Finally, by examining the proportions and height patterns found in the 9 analyzed samples, it becomes clear to us that all the height elements of the research, from the height of the facades of the courtyard and the shortest porch of the complex to the tallest minaret or dome, have been obtained with golden and Iranian Islamic proportions. In all the examined examples, the shortest porch of the complex with the height of the front of the courtyard has proportions close to the golden ratio in relation to each other, and there are also other similar patterns common among two or more mosques.