Nazar Research Center for Art, Architecture and Urbanism (NRC) The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar 1735-9635 22 153 2026 02 20 Prioritizing Social Resilience Indicators for Organizing Informal Settlements through Measures based on Improving the Urban Landscape(Case Study: Islamabad Neighborhood, District 2, Tehran) Prioritizing Social Resilience Indicators for Organizing Informal Settlements through Measures based on Improving the Urban Landscape(Case Study: Islamabad Neighborhood, District 2, Tehran) 83 96 240773 10.22034/bagh.2023.408836.5430 FA Mehdi Fatemi Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Imam Khomeini International University (RA), Qazvin, Iran 0000-0001-8584-8243 Roghayeh Aghajani Khonakdar Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Iran 0009-0001-0744-2253 Journal Article 2023 07 26 Problem statement: With increasing population and urbanization, the number of informal settlements has been rising. These settlements, due to their unfavorable urban appearance, have become isolated and, as a result, have faced social problems. One way to improve the current situation in informal settlements is to increase their social resilience.<br>Research objective: This research aims to develop strategies for organizing these neighborhoods to enhance social resilience through spatial and social interventions that improve the urban landscape.<br>Research method: This research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach. In the first stage, in the theoretical framework section, necessary information was collected through “library studies.” In the second stage, to identify the indicators of social resilience in the neighborhood, “field observations” were conducted using tools such as interviews, observation, and photography.<br>Conclusion: In the final theoretical framework, in the “social” dimension, the indicators identified were interaction, cohesion, and participation; in the “identity-cultural” dimension, the indicators were attachment, social and spatial identity; in the “spatial” dimension, the indicators were accessibility, safety and security, flexibility, and diversity; and in the “supportive” dimension, the indicators were the efficiency of the local community, support, and justice. These indicators were identified as social resilience indicators in the Eslamabad neighborhood. After determining the neighborhood’s existing potential and correlating it with the obtained indicators, a series of spatial and social interventions was prioritized and mapped in ArcGIS. Finally, by evaluating possible interventions to improve the neighborhood’s urban appearance, it was concluded that the indicator of interactions is a priority for social resilience in the Eslamabad settlement. Problem statement: With increasing population and urbanization, the number of informal settlements has been rising. These settlements, due to their unfavorable urban appearance, have become isolated and, as a result, have faced social problems. One way to improve the current situation in informal settlements is to increase their social resilience.<br>Research objective: This research aims to develop strategies for organizing these neighborhoods to enhance social resilience through spatial and social interventions that improve the urban landscape.<br>Research method: This research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach. In the first stage, in the theoretical framework section, necessary information was collected through “library studies.” In the second stage, to identify the indicators of social resilience in the neighborhood, “field observations” were conducted using tools such as interviews, observation, and photography.<br>Conclusion: In the final theoretical framework, in the “social” dimension, the indicators identified were interaction, cohesion, and participation; in the “identity-cultural” dimension, the indicators were attachment, social and spatial identity; in the “spatial” dimension, the indicators were accessibility, safety and security, flexibility, and diversity; and in the “supportive” dimension, the indicators were the efficiency of the local community, support, and justice. These indicators were identified as social resilience indicators in the Eslamabad neighborhood. After determining the neighborhood’s existing potential and correlating it with the obtained indicators, a series of spatial and social interventions was prioritized and mapped in ArcGIS. Finally, by evaluating possible interventions to improve the neighborhood’s urban appearance, it was concluded that the indicator of interactions is a priority for social resilience in the Eslamabad settlement. https://www.bagh-sj.com/article_240773_67fdb7de4ec86bcff50951880300f75b.pdf