The ‘Closet’ Space, a Private Landscape in Traditional Iranian House (Case Study: Reviewing Some Traditional Houses in Yazd City)

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran.

Abstract

Problem statement: A number of theories have been proposed about the relation between culture, lifestyle, architecture, and spatial structure. The ‘Closet-Space’ or ‘Sandogh-Khaneh’ is an example of this implication. It was considered as a side element in traditional Iranian houses that used to assist the architect in creating the spatial proportions in some cases, but actually, it had a functional role in creating the interior space in traditional Iranian houses.
Research objective: The purpose of this research study is to investigate the role and function of the ‘closet space ‘and to address its location in traditional Iranian houses; A few Yazd traditional houses have been considered as a case study.
Research method: The research adopted the analytical- descriptive analysis. Following the collection of the data through the bibliographic method, and observations were carried in the field. In bibliographic studies, various resources such as books, prestigious journals, and architectural plans were used for gathering the required information.
Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that ‘closet space’ used to play a functional role in creating the privacy and interior space of traditional Iranian houses. A kind of space was allocated for recreation, prayer, meditation, or storage of various tools and equipment; A place next to the key spaces of the house or in a corner place of that space, where its function was also affected by the location.

Keywords


Abdoli, P.(2021). Collection of hand-drawn sketches (Unpublished).
Abdollahzadeh, S. M. & Arzhmand M. (2012). Investigation of the Iranian houses (based on probing the lifestyle in Shiraz traditional houses). Journal of Studies on Iranian-Islamic City, (10), 109-122.
Abedi, D. (1989). Madar (yek dastan-e kotah) [The Mother (A short story)]. Soore-ye Andisheh, 1(2), 18-24.
Alalhesabi, M., Rezazadeh, R. & Charbgoo, N. (2017). Presenting a conceptual model for place meaning and continuity indexes (interpretative phenomenological analysis of lived experiences). Bagh-e Nazar, 14(52), 17-26.
Armaghan, M., Soltanzadeh, H. & Irani Behbahani, H. (2013). Me’mari va farhang dar khane-ha-ye a’yani-ye Tehran dar dore-ye Ghajar [Architecture and culture in the aristocratic houses of Tehran in the Qajar Era]. Iranian Journal of Anthropology Research, 3(1), 29-50.
Armaghan, M., Soltanzadeh, H. & Irani Behbahani, H. (2015). Redefining woman’s role in the family and its impact on the painting decorations and structure of aristocratic houses in Tehran during the Qajar era. Bagh-e Nazar, 12(34), 11-24.
Arzhmand, M. & Khani, S. (2012). The role of privacy in Iranian house architecture. Journal of Studies on Iranian-Islamic City, 2(7), 27-38.
Bahrani, H. & Sepehri Ahrami, A. (2018). Recognizing and determining the existence reason and functional role of Senasir in the historical context of Bushehr. Bagh-e Nazar, 15(58), 77-88.
Boluoki, S. & Okhovat, H. (2015). Barrasi-ye tatbighi-ye tashabohat va tamayozat-e khane-ha-ye Mosalmanan va Zartoshtian dar Yazd [A comparative analysis of the similarities and differences between Zoroastrian and Muslim houses in Yazd City]. Journal of Studies on Iranian-Islamic City, 22, 51-66.
Bourdieu, P. (2016). Distinction: Social Critique of Taste Judgments (H. Chavoshian, Trans.). Tehran: Parham Naghsh Publishing.
Diba, D. (1999). Elham va bardasht az mafahim-e bonyadi-ye memari-ye Iran [Inspiration and conception of the fundamental concepts of Iranian architecture]. Journal of Architecture and Culture, (1), 97-111.
Diba, D., Revault, Ph. & Santelli, S. (2012). Maisons d’Ispahan; Published by Maisonneuve & Larose (M. Ghasemi Sichani, Trans.). Isfahan: Isfahan Engineering Organization.
Ebrahimi, Gh, Soltanzadeh, H. & Keramati, Gh. (2017). The reflection of the West culture in the life style and the architecture of the houses in the late Qajar Dynasty in Hamadan. Bagh-e Nazar, 14(47), 29-38.
Fazelian, S. & Eqbali, S. (2017). Lifestyle; the neglected element of Islamic architecture. Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities, 10(1), 57-80. doi: 10.22631/isih.2018.2587.2987
Ghaffari, A. & Banaei Abrandabadi, M. (2011). Khane-ye salem chist? [What is a healthy house?]. Housing and Rural Environment, 30(133), 15-28.
Gholam Ali, H. (1977). Roosta-ye Kandovan [Kandovan Village]. Historical Studies, 12(1), 155-216.
Gorji Mahlabani, Y. & Sanaee, E. (2010). Compatible architecture survey with Kandovan village climate. Housing and Rural Environment, 29(129), 2-19.
Hajighasemi, K. (2004). Ganjnameh (Farhang-e Asar-e Memari-ye Eslami-ye Iran); Khane-ha-ye Yazd [Ganjnameh (Cyclopædia of Iranian Islamic Architecture) Houses of Yazd. Teharn: Rozaneh.
Hall, E. T. (2000). The Hidden Dimension (M. Tabibian, Trans.). Tehran: University of Tehran Press.
Hashemi, M. & Jafari, T. (2011). Khosrow Parviz in the Treasure House. Persian Language and Literature, 64(224), 115-131.
Hedayat, A. & Tabaian, S. (2015). The Survey of Elements Forming Houses and Their Reasons in the Historical Fabric of Bushehr. Journal of Architecture in Hot and Dry Climates, 3(3), 35-52.
Ismaili, L. (2016). Dar jostejoo-ye hendese-ye penhan-e khane ba gozar az zendegi (rabete-ye sazman-e fazaei-ye khane va chegounegi-ye zistan) [In search of the hidden geometry of the house by passing through life, the relation between the spatial organization of the house and the way of living]. Omran va Tose’e, 4(7), 6-16.
Jahandideh Koodehi, S. (2012). A Closet for Ideology: A Semiology and Interpretation of “Giyahi Dar Gharantineh” by Bijan Najdi based on the Theory of Ideology and Power Discourse. Literary Criticism, 5(17), 129-156.
Kabirisamani, A., Malakooty, A. & Yadeghari, Z. (2017). Recognizing the meaning of home in Quran: a way to explain home theoretical bases. Bagh-e Nazar, 13(45), 61-76.
Khamenehzadeh, H. (2017). An introduction to the concept of privacy and how it is realized in the house life-world1 comparative study in pre-modern and modern Iranian houses. Bagh-e Nazar, 14(49), 33-44.
Lang, J. (2002). Creating Architectural Theory: The Role of Behavioral Sciences in Environmental Design (A. Einifar, Trans.). Tehran: University of Tehran Press.
Mahdavi, Sh. (2013). Everyday life in late Qajar Iran (H. Ahmadzadeh Nodijeh, Trans.). Payam-e Baharestan, 2(19), 114-132.
Peyvastehgar, Y., Heidari, A. A. & Islami, M. (2017). Bazshenasi-ye osool-e panjgane-ye Ostad Pirnia Recognition of the five principles of Pirnia in the architecture of traditional Iranian houses and its analysis based on Islamic beliefs. Case study: Houses in Yazd. Journal of Studies on Iranian-Islamic City, 7(27), 51-66.
Rahimi, R., Ansari, M., Bemanian, M., Mahdavinejad, M. (2020). Evaluation of the Effect of Physical Components on Place Attachment in Communal Spaces of Selected Residential Complexes in Tehran. Bagh-e Nazar, 17(83), 15-30. doi: 10.22034/bagh.2020.185425.4107
Rapoport, A. (2013a). “The Meaning of the Built Environment: A non-verbal Communication Approach (F. Habib, Trans.) .Tehran: Pardazesh Pub.
Rapoport, A. (2013b) Pour une Anthropologie de la Maison (F. Afzalian, Trans.). Tehran: Ketabkadeh Kasra Publishing.
Rashed, H. A. (2008). Fazilat-ha-ye Faramoosh Shodeh: Sharh-e Hal-e Akhoond Molla Abbas-e Torbati [Forgotten Virtues: Biography of Mullah Abbas Torbati]. Tehran: Etelaat Publications.
Shahri, J. (1999). Tarikh-e Ejtema’ei-ye Tehran dar Gharn-e Sizdahom: Zendegi, Kasb o Kaar [Social History of Tehran in the Thirteenth Century: Life, Business] (Vol. 1). Tehran: RASA Publications.
Sheybani, M. & Poursoleiman Amiri, Z. (2018). The role of natural environment in creating sense of place in the urban resident. Manzar, 9(41), 46-59.
Simmel, G. (1948). The Metropolis and Mental Life. In Georg Simmel, on Individuality and Social Forms (Donald N. Leving, Ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Tavassoli, Gh. A. (1994). Nazariye-ha-ye Jame’e Shenasi [Sociological Theories]. Tehran: Samt.
Yousefifar, S. (2011). Majma’ol-Sanaye’ (An Experience of Modernity in Businesses of Royal Workshops during the Qajar Era). Ganjine-ye Asnad, 21(3), 42-64.