@article { author = {Tavasssoli, Hamidreza}, title = {Recognition of principles and characteristics of presenting cities in ancient texts (Case study: the Samanid city)}, journal = {The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar}, volume = {11}, number = {28}, pages = {39-46}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Nazar Research Center for Art, Architecture and Urbanism (NRC)}, issn = {1735-9635}, eissn = {2251-7197}, doi = {}, abstract = {This paper attempts to introduce the principles and characteristics of existing cities with studying the content, style and presentation of the historic periods of ancient texts from Islamic period historians – specially the authors of the fourth century to the seventh century AH. In this regard,ten cities have been selected as a sample fromSamanid era of Islamic civilization (Jowzjan, Chouchanian, Katl or Katlan, Karazm, Gorjestan, Sistan, Bast and Gazneh, Kerman, Samarkand and Bukhara).Due to the structure of the project,reviewed works and sources are classified in five titles: Introducing cities, respectively, started from “Climate and City” and terminated to “City and Culture”. Due to the case study that includes Samanid era, thepaper’s subjects are trying to identifyTransoxania and introducing cities’ characteristics in this period. The main body of the paper includes identifying and examining five topics from introducing and analyzing cities. These features are as follows: 1. Geographical and climate features of cities 2. Kings’ qualification and a brief description of their behavioral characteristics 3. Introducing counties and townships of cities 4. Economic characteristics of cities 5. Cultural features Among the cities which studied in this paper, the first three featuresare used for presenting considered cities which authors choose that these cities have the largest and most complete introduction to cities as “Samarkand and Bukhara” and have discussed economic and cultural characteristics of these cities. The paper’s question and the assumption of “regularity introduced in the cities of ancient texts” were answered in the main body of the article and classified information has been analyzed. Also, the introduction of large cities has special and complete rule in away that the point of introducing the integrity of cities has not diminished. Study’s achievements demonstrated the following findings: a. In all of the cases presented by historians;Issues such as climate and city, regional divisions, and describing princess’ circumstances has been discussed. b. The content ofhistorical and geographical contexts in Iran’sclassical era has high-capacity for variety of description. c. Review and classification of knowledge recorded in ancient texts is underlying principles of indigenous science in order that the scholars can be able to link these texts to “interdisciplinary topics”. d. With paying attention to the content of the resource,we can extract general rules and its details and organize elements and rules of historical research.}, keywords = {Samanid cities,historical texts,Khurasan and Transoxiana,Islamic notables}, title_fa = {قواعد و ویژگی‌های معرفی شهرها در متون کهن مطالعه موردی : شهر‌های سامانیان}, abstract_fa = {این مقاله تلاش دارد تا با گذر از محتوا‌، نثر و معرّفی آثار متون کهن، به قواعد و ویژگی‌های موجود در معرفی شهرها بپردازد‌. در این راستا ده شهر از عصر سامانی در تمدن اسلامی ایران انتخاب شده، آثار و منابع مورد بررسی با توجه به ساختار و طرح پژوهشی درپنج عنوان طبقه‌بندی شده است. معرّفی شهرها‌، به ترتیب از “‌اقلیم و شهر‌” شروع شده و به “‌شهر و فرهنگ‌” خاتمه یافته است‌. موضوعات مقاله با توجه به بستر مطالعه ی موردی که عصر سامانی را شامل می‌شود به شناسایی”‌ماوراءاانّهر‌” پرداخته و کلیاتی از شهر‌های این دوره معرّفی شده است‌. بدنة اصلی مقاله شامل برشمردن ویژگی‌های تفکیکی و موضوعی شهرها و تحلیل آنها است‌. در بین شهرهای مورد مطالعه این نوشته‌، سه ویژگی در معرّفی شهرها مورد توجّه بوده که بیشترین و کامل‌ترین معرّفی مربوط به شهر “سمرقند و بخارا‌» است‌. آنچه که به عنوان پرسش اصلی مقاله و فرضیة “‌قاعده مندی در معرّفی شهرهای متون کهن‌” مورد توجّه بوده است در بدنة اصلی مقاله پاسخ داده شده و اطلاعات طبقه‌بندی‌شده مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته است. معرّفی شهرهای بزرگ نیز دارای قاعده ویژه و کاملی بوده است به شیوه‌ای که نکته‌ای از جامعیّت معرّفی شهرها کاسته نشده است.}, keywords_fa = {شهرهای سامانی‌. متون تاریخی‌. خراسان و ماوراءالنهر‌. مشاهیر اسلامی}, url = {http://www.bagh-sj.com/article_4862.html}, eprint = {http://www.bagh-sj.com/article_4862_14441cdbbe93d49a8163836bd686e95d.pdf} }